With the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2001 and the development of next-generation sequencing technologies, genetic information can now be examined for each patient's cancer tissue. Precision medicine, which groups diseases not only by genetic information but also by environmental factors and lifestyle differences and shows the most prevention and treatment for each group, is becoming increasingly important. It is already being put to practical use, for example, in selecting the most proper molecular targeted agent (MTA) by evaluating HER2 and CLDN18 proteins in gastric cancer biopsy specimen, and in performing multi-gene panel testing prior to cancer treatment. Meanwhile, research using biobanks is progressing, as is research to elucidate the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma and the pathology of steatotic liver disease (SLD). There are also treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that consider the intestinal immune status. Therefore, in this session, we would like to invite a wide range of research results, including not only clinical research but also biobank research and basic research to elucidate pathology.