The HCC treatment landscape is undergoing a dramatic paradigm shift driven by breakthroughs in combination immunotherapies. While survival outcomes have significantly improved, establishing personalized medicine through optimal therapeutic timing and effective combinations with surgical and locoregional therapies remains a priority.Leveraging the robust JSH-AASLD partnership, this session aims to bridge the gap between global evidence and clinical practice. We will focus on multidisciplinary collaboration transcending the boundaries of internal medicine and surgery, specifically highlighting the development of predictive biomarkers, the potential of conversion surgery, and expanded surgical indications supported by advanced functional assessments.Through expert discussions between Japan and the United States, we aim to define the next generation of standard of care, integrating biomarkers, systemic therapy, and surgical intervention to optimize patient outcomes.