機能性消化管疾患は，心理社会的要因と消化管生理機能（運動・内臓知覚・粘膜バリア）が相互に作用して発症するが，現在では腸と脳を結ぶ神経系を介した双方向性の脳腸相関の病態として理解されつつある．さらに，この二つのシステムをつなぐ重要な因子として，腸内細菌叢や食事由来の代謝物を中心とする腸内環境，加えてそれに起因する腸管免疫異常や炎症が注目されている．本パネルディスカッションでは，脳腸相関，消化管運動，内臓知覚，粘膜バリア，腸内細菌といった多角的な視点から，基礎から臨床に至る最新の研究成果を広く公募する．加えて，2026年にはRome Vの発表が予定されており，その視点も踏まえながら，機能性消化管疾患診療の新たな展開について活発に議論したい．

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) arise through the interaction of psychosocial factors and gastrointestinal physiological functions (motility, visceral sensation, and mucosal barrier). They are now increasingly understood as disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), mediated by bidirectional communication through the nervous system linking the gut and the brain. Furthermore, key factors bridging these two systems include the gut microbiota and diet-derived metabolites, as well as the intestinal immune abnormalities and inflammation they may provoke. In this panel discussion, we invite a broad range of research findings, spanning from basic science to clinical studies, that address the pathophysiology of FGIDs from diverse perspectives such as gut-brain interaction, gastrointestinal motility, visceral sensation, mucosal barrier, and the gut microbiota. In addition, with the publication of Rome V anticipated in 2026, we aim to engage in an active discussion on the future directions of diagnosis and treatment of FGIDs from this new perspective.